Os 20 softwares Linux mais populares que você pode utilizar!

É difícil chamar um software de "o melhor ". Mas popularmente é possível. Esses softwares são encontrados em quase todos os PCs com Linux. 





Terça, 21 de Janeiro de 2014:  Converso com um usuário de Linux e ela(a) te  dirá que  nada se compara a funcionalidade e utilidade de softwares de código aberto. Enquanto o ponto é continuamente sob argumentos, pode-se muito bem ser verdade. Softwares de código aberto (Open source) são  personalizáveis, poderosos e estão disponíveis  de graça. Também, há um software de código aberto para quase todo sofwtare proprietário bom que você possa imaginar. Então, aqui estão softwares importantes que são parte de quase todos os PCs de de usuários.



1. AbiWord

2. Apache

3. Blender

4. Dia

5. DOSEMU

6. Evolution

7. Firefox

8. gedit

9. gFTP

10. Ghostscript

11. The GIMP

12. GNOME

13. Gnumeric

14. GQview

15. Kaffeine

16. KDE

17. KHexEdit

18. Konqueror

19. LyX

20. RCalc 



Fonte = 20 Most Popular Linux Applications That You Can Use!

10 Super Cool Linux Things To Do This Weekend!

Here are some cool Linux weekend-plans for geeks out there! 

Friday, December 13, 2013:  So are you planning to spend this weekend with your first love i.e. your computer? We bring out some cool things you can do with your Linux system!



1. Create Rocket 

Yes, with OpenRocket you can create your own rocket on Linux! http://openrocket.sourceforge.net/ 

2. Create and edit your own movies

Using the below Linux apps, you can create and edit your own movies: 

Openshot: http://www.openshot.org/download/
Kdenlive: http://www.kdenlive.org/downloading-and-installing-kdenlive 
LiVES: http://lives.sourceforge.net/ 
Toon Loop: http://toonloop.com/?q=download 

3. Inventorise your collection in a database

You can do this by first running a database server using MySQL and then connecting it to Calligra to create a visual overview of this databases.

MySQL: http://www.mysql.com/
Calligra: http://www.calligra.org/get-calligra/ 

4. Do some star Gazing

Have a look at the stars with this astronomy and space simulation software called Celestia.

Celestia: http://www.shatters.net/celestia/download.html

5. Create PDFs directly from LibreOffice

Unlike other proprietary software, LibreOffice on Linux lets the users directly export their documents to PDFs

LibreOffice: http://www.libreoffice.org/download

6. Create your own cloud server 

No kidding, you can create your own cloud servers using Own Cloud. 

http://owncloud.org/

7. Do some Djing!

Be your own DJ or remix your music with Mixxx. 

Mixxx: http://www.mixxx.org/download/

8. Create a robot 

Create your own robots using Linux and an embedded board. 

http://www.linuxpcrobot.org/ 

9. Organize, edit and share your pics

You can organise, edit and share your photographs on the social networking using these software:

F-Spot: http://f-spot.org/Download
Shotwell: http://www.yorba.org/projects/shotwell/install/
digiKam: http://www.digikam.org/download
Fotoxx: http://www.kornelix.com/fotoxx.html

10. Time for some 3D

Now create 3D models and renderings for movies, games or other things with Blender. 

Blender: http://www.blender.org/ 

Atithya Amaresh, EFYTIMES News Network 



Fonte: 10 Super Cool Linux Things To Do This Weekend!

10 Awesome Linux Speed Hacks

Speed up your Linux machine with these awesome hacks!



Monday, October 07, 2013:  Although Linux, the brainchild of Linus Torvalds is an extremely reliable operating system, and rarely needs to be rebooted, but when it does, the speed is a major concern. With Matrix style lines scrolling down the screen, it can make many lose patience. But fortunately, there are ways to speed things up. A majority of these tips are not very tricky all though some of these are unfortunately. Let’s take a look at top 10 speed hacks of Linux and let your Linux box reincarnate with speed. 



1. Quick Fixes - Disable unnecessary services to make Linux boot faster

Linux comes in various flavors bundled with a lot of applications. However, most of us don't even use Linux to its full potential. Depending upon the use of the machine, plenty of services and running programs won’t be needed. And if you are using Linux just for a desktop, then you won’t be needing the default send mail, httpd, and many other services. You can also turn off many other services if your Linux box is used as a small web server by going to Administration menu, tweaking the Services entry and deselect all of the services you don’t want to start. 

2. Free up Your Kernel - Disable unnecessary kernel modules

If your Linux box is wired to the LAN/Ethernet, then you don’t need to have a wireless kernel module loaded. More services like smartcard modules and others can be disabled and the load can be taken off from the kernel. This task is a bit difficult as it requires recompilation of kernel, which is daunting for even the Linux geeks. To do this, you will need the kernel sources and then follow the standard steps for compiling a kernel. You will be having a ride through the internals of your system just disable all of the kernel modules you don’t need. 

For added safety, install Bootchart which will tell you if Kernel modules are properly installed and running on your system. Not only will this give you a good list of modules, it will illustrate for you what is happening during your system boot. You can also issue the command

chkconfig –list | grep 3:on

to find out what services are running. Once you know what loading modules you don’t need, you can remove them during a kernel recompilation. While you’re at it, compile the kernel to exactly match your architecture.

3. Take Load Off Linux - Use a lightweight window manager instead of GNOME or KDE

Using a smaller window manager drastically reduces graphical boot time. Instead of having to wait that extra 30 to 60 seconds for GNOME or KDE to boot up, why not wait two to 10 seconds for Enlightenment or XFCE to boot up? Not only will they save you boot time, they will save your memory and the headache of dealing with bloatware. 

4. CUI ROKZ’ - Use a text-based login instead of a graphical login

The graphical logins do two things: increase load times and create headaches trying to recover from an X windows failure. Most of Linux machines which boot to run level 3 instead of run level 5 will halt at the text-based login, where you only have to log in and issue startx to start your desktop of choice. So CUI login is the way to go. 

5. The Flying Penguin - Use a lighter Linux distribution

Are You a Linux newbie? Instead of loading the heavyweight SUSE, why not try a DSL, Puppy Linux, or Gentoo? The boot time is less than the more bloated Fedora (SUSE and even Ubuntu). Loading lighter Linux distributions will save you from lot of headaches. Of the larger distributions, OpenSuSE claims to boot the fastest, but between the latest Fedora and Ubuntu, Ubuntu blows Fedora’s boot times away. 

6. Get Savvy - Use an OpenBIOS

If you’re tech savvy enough to upgrade your PC’s firmware, you might consider migration to open source BIOS which will allow Linux to actually initialize the hardware as it boots (instead of relying on the BIOS). Also, many open BIOSes can be customised to meet your machine’s specific needs. If you don’t go the open BIOS route, you can at least configure your BIOS to not search for a floppy drive that’s not there or to boot directly to the first hard drive (instead of the CD drive first). 

7. DHCP woes - Avoid dhcp

If you are working on a home network (or a small business network) where address lease isn’t a problem, go with static IP addresses. This will keep your machine from having to call out to a dhcp server to get an IP address. If you take this approach, make sure you configure your 

/etc/resolve.conf

to reflect your DNS server addresses as well. 

8. Hotplug unplugged - If you can spare it, get rid of hotplug

Hotplug is the system that allows you to plug in new devices and use them immediately. If you know your server won’t need this system, delete it. This will cut down on boot time. On many systems, hotplugging consumes much of the boot time. Removing hotplug will vary depending upon the distribution you use. 

Although udev has majorly replaced hotplug. But if you’re running an older distribution, this does apply.

9. Initng for the daring ones

The initng system serves as a replacement for the sysvinit system and promises to drastically decrease boot times in UNIX-like operating systems. If you would like to see the initng system in action, you can give the Pingwinek livecd a try. 

10. HackerPunk - Use a hack with Debian

If you’re using Debian, there is a simple hack you can use to switch your startup scripts to run in parallel. If you look at the

/etc/init.d/rc

script, you will see:

CONCURRENCY=none

around line 24. Change this line to

CONCURRENCY=shell

and you should see a reduction in boot times. 

Courtesy: theprohack 



Fonte: 10 Awesome Linux Speed Hacks

Think You're A Linux Pro? Take This 35 Question Challenge

You think you are a 'know it all' when it comes to Linux? Well, we bring to you 35 question challenge to test your skills!
Monday, September 23, 2013: 



You think you know everything about Linux? We bring to you 35
questions based on Linux to test you knowledge. Let's see how big a pro
you are! And beginners can try too as they will end up learning
something new!

Scroll down to the end for the answers, and see how much you score, but do not cheat!

Good luck!



1. Managing foreground and background processes is usually called
job control
process control
job management
program management
process management

2. What information does the minor number tell you?
memory location
specific characteristics of the device
whether device is active
device priority
whether device is a module

3. Data read from the hard disk is stored in the-
disk buffer
buffer cache
swap cache
spool
swap space

4. What command would you use to switch your user ID before running a command?
switch
swtusr
swid
su
suid

5. Sets of linux packages are typically grouped together for easy installation.
True
False

6. The "low-level" operations on the system are generally referred to as what?
library calls
system calls
system functions
kernel calls
driver calls

7. What program converts TCP/IP port numbers to RPC program numbers?
portmapper
lockd
sysd
nfsd
mountd

8. Which of the following is NOT a common networking term.
IP datagram
TCP segment
MAC packet
Ethernet frame
application header

9. What action in /etc/inittab determines what is run when CTRL-ALT-DEL is pressed.
sysreboot
powerdown
shutdown
reboot

10. Virus can typically only affect Linux if the attack the master boot record.
True
False

11. What DNS record type defines the IP address for a specific machine?
DNS
A
NAME
NS
IP

12. What is the highest priority for the system logger daemon?
emergency
warning
failure
error
panic

13. In addition to Ctrl-C, what other key is also used to interrupt programs?
Delete
Escape
CTRL-B
Backspace
^

14. After making changes to you .profile, what command would you issue to activate the changes in your current shell?
reset $HOME/.profile
. $HOME/.profile
$HOME/.profile
touch $HOME/.profile
set $HOME/.profile

15. Information on the running system is found in what directory?
/sbin/proc
/system
/boot/system
/proc
/process

16. What command would be best if you wanted to see the end of a particular file?
perl
tail
head
grep
find

17. Most distributions use which installation package format?
Common Linux Format - CLF
Linux Installation Format - LIF
Common Package Format - CPF
Red Hat Package Manager - RPM
Linux Package Format - LPF

18. Printer configuration information is stored in which directory?
/etc/default/printers
/var/conf/lpd
/usr/adm/lpd
/etc/lpd.conf
/usr/spool/lpd

19. What option to halt says to power off when the system is down?
-r
-k
-p
-n
-P

20. Data read from the harddisk is stored in the
spool
swap cache
swap space
buffer cache
disk buffer

21. What is the process of directing packets to the correct network?
start-up scripts
search path
routing
home directory
directory path
command path

22. Shells are limited to a maximum of 9 positional parameters.
True
False

23. The inode does not contain the file's
size
name
creation date
permissions
owner

24. Both CPU and kernel help ensure that processes do not not access memory they shouldn't.
True
False

25. What file contains text that is displayed before you login?
/etc/profile
/etc/env
/etc/motd
/etc/login
/etc/issue

26.
What command would you use to change the permissions on a file so only
the owner can read and write it and the group can only read it?
chmod 620 FILENAME
chmod 420 FILENAME
chmod 640 FILENAME
chmod go=r-w FILENAME
chmod 750 FILENAME

27. Where is hardware information stored that the system uses when booting?
POST
DMA
CMOS
RAM
PCI

28. What command shows your current terminal settings?
termenv
term
setterm
stty
initterm

29. Preceeding a shell script with a dot when you execute it does what?
Executes the shell without starting a sub-shell.
Increases the priority of the shell.
Executes the shell in the background.
Executes the shell in the user's home directory.
Executes the shell in the root directory.

30. What symbol is used to put a command "in the background"?
!
|
%
$
&

31. What character would you use to negate a range of characters in a regular expression?
%
^
?
!
#
$

32. The command "cd -" does what?
Stores the current directory in a variable.
Changes to the previous directory.
Changes to the parent directory.
Runs the command in the specified directory.
Changes to the user's home directory.

33. What is the portion added to the start of a network packet usually called?
designator
start-pack
frame
lead
header

34. In what order are aliases, functions shell build-in commands and "real" commands evaluated by the shell?
aliases, functions, commands, shell built-ins
shell built-ins, aliases, functions, commands
The order in which they are defined
commands, shell built-ins, aliases, functions
Alphabetically

35. Which of the following is not a metacharacter?
_
?
*
-
[

Answers:

1. job control
2. specific characteristics of the device
3. buffer cache
4. su
5. True
6. system functions
7. portmapper
8. MAC packet
9. ctraltdel
10. True
11. A
12. panic
13. Delete
14. . $HOME/.profile
15. /proc
16. tail
17. Red Hat Package Manager - RPM
18. /usr/spool/lpd
19. -p
20. buffer cache
21. routing
22. False
23. name
24. True
25. /etc/issue
26. chmod 640 FILENAME
27. CMOS
28. stty
29. Executes the shell without starting a sub-shell.
30. &
31. !
32. Changes to the previous directory.
33. header
34. shell built-ins, aliases, functions, commands
35. _

So how much did you score!







Atithya Amaresh, EFYTIMES News Network







Fonte: Think You're A Linux Pro? Take This 35 Question Challenge