Here's A List Of 83 Linux Commands For Beginners!

Here's A List Of 83 Linux Commands For Beginners! Switching to Linux was a wonderful decision, now it's time to explore its power - the command line! So you have just switched to Linux and trying to figure out what was the fuss about the command prompt as the most powerful tool. Well here's a list of Linux commands for a beginner to help you get a glimpse of what the command prompt can do for you. Viewing, copying, moving and deleting files ls Display the contents of the current directory ls -a Display also hidden files and hidden directories     cp filename /path/dir_name Copy filename into directory /path/dir_name cp -r dir_name /path/dir_name2 Copy the entire dir_name into /path/dir_name2 cp filename1 filename2 /path/dir_name Copy filename1 and filename2 into /path/dir_name     rm name Remove a file or directory called name rm -r name Remove an entire directory as well as its included files and subdirectories     mv filename /path/dir_name Move filename into /path/dir_name mv filename1 filename2 Rename filename1 to filename2     cat filename Display filenames contents     more filename Display filename in pages. Use spacebar to view next page     head filename Display filenames first 10 lines head -15 filename Display filenames first 15 lines     tail filename Display filenames last 10 lines tail -15 filename Display filenames last 15 lines     pwd Display current directory     cd /path/dir_name Change to directory /path/dir_name cd .. Go 1 directory up     mkdir dir_name Create directory dir_name rmdir dir_name Delete directory dir_name   Finding files and text within files updatedb Update (create first time used) a database of all files under the root directory / locate filename Find file filename searching in the database     find / -name filename Starting from the root directory search for the file called filename find / -name *filename Same as above but search for file containing the string filename     grep string /path/dir_name Starting from /path/dir_name search for all files containing string     which application_name Search $path for application app_name whereis application_name Search $path, man pages and source files for application_name   Archived files Decompress tar -xzf filename.tgz Decompress tzg file tar -xzf filename.tar.gz Decompress tar.gz file tar -xjf filename.tar.bz2 Decompress tar.bz2 file   Compress tar -czf filename.tar /path/dir_name Compress directory /path/dir_name to filename.tar gzip -c filename > filename.gz Compress /path/dir_name to filename.tar.gz bzip2 -c filename > filename.bz2 Compress /path/dir_name to filename.tar.bz2   Using rpm files  rpm -hiv package.rpm Install rpm called package.rpm rpm -hiv --force package.rpm Install rpm called package.rpm by force rpm -hUv package.rpm Upgrade rpm called package.rpm rpm -e package.rpm Delete rpm called package.rpm rpm -qpil package.rpm List files in not-installed rpm called package.rpm rpm -ql package.rpm List files in installed rpm called package.rpm rpm -q str List installed rpms containing the string str rpm -qf /path/application_name Display the rpm that contains application application_name   Starting and Stoping  startx Start the X system shutdown -h now Shutdown the system now and do not reboot halt Same as above shutdown -r now Reboot reboot Same as above shutdown -r +10 Reboot in 10 minutes     Mounting filesystems mount -t vfat /dev/sd(a)(1) /mnt/c_drive Mount the first partition 1 of the first hard disk drive a which is in fat32 vfat dormat under /mnt/c_drive directory mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom Mount cdrom under /mnt/cdrom directory     umount /mnt/hda1 Unmout the above   User administration users Display users currently logged in adduser username Create a new user called username passwd username Define password for user called username who List logged-in users whoami Display current user finger username Displays info about user username su Log in as root from current login su - Log in as root from current login and take root's path exit Exit from console login (ie, logout).   Processes  command Execute command in the foreground command & Execute command in the background ctrl+z Suspend a program ctrl+c Interrupt a program ps List all processes kill -9 pid Kill process with id pid top Monitor processes in real time   Networking  hostname List the system's hostname ifconfig Set/Display network information host ip Resolves ip's hostname ping ip/hostname Check if ip/hostname is reachable traceroute ip/hostname Find network path to ip/hostname     System Information uname -a General system information fdisk -l List partition tables cp filename /path/dir_name Copy filename into directory /path/dir_name df -T -h List filesystem disk space usage lspci List PCI devices lsusb List USB devices free -m Display RAM+Swap usage   Program Compile gcc -o output file.c Compile a C program ./output Run a C program you have compiled g++ -o output file.cpp Compile a C++ program ./output Run a C++ program you have compiled ./configure && make && su -c 'make install' Configure, compile and install a program with Makefile List Courtesy: my-guides

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